| Author(s) |
Christian Buchel Laurent Courtois Dominique JAMME Eric Paroche |
| Publication type | Synthesis |
Debate on October 16, 2025
On 15 June 2025, the European Commission adopted a new framework for State aid in support of the Clean Industry Pact, enabling Member States to promote the development of clean energy, the decarbonisation of industry and clean technologies, in line with the scope and modalities of State aid under the Clean Industry Pact. This new framework aims to reconcile the objectives of innovation, decarbonisation and industrial sovereignty at European level, without compromising competition rules. But this rebalancing raises a key question: how can public interventions (subsidies, guarantees, preferential pricing) be structured in such a way as to preserve or strengthen the competitiveness of industrial sectors? In the field of energy, and more particularly electricity, support mechanisms risk introducing distortions between sectors or between locations, with effects on the price of electricity and therefore on industrial production costs.
