Doctorate in electrical engineering from the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg. Chairman of NEWES (New Energy Solutions). Consultant for several international organisations and national regulatory authorities. Visiting professor at the Technical University of Lisbon (MIT-Portugal programme). Member of the ACER Board of Directors appointed by the European Parliament. First Chairman of the Regulatory Authority for Energy Services (ERSE) in Portugal. Co-founder and first Chairman of the Council of European Energy Regulators (CEER). First Chairman of the European Regulators Group for Electricity and Gas (ERGEG). Co-founder of the Ibero-American Association of Energy Regulatory Authorities (ARIAE). Founder and member of the Executive Committee of the Florence School of Regulation. Previously, he was Deputy Secretary General of EURELECTRIC, worked for AEG in Frankfurt and at several European universities.